Izolacja retrowirusa limfotropowego T od pacjenta z ryzykiem zespołu nabytego niedoboru odporności (AIDS).
A retrovirus belonging to the household of not too long ago found human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV), however clearly distinct from every earlier isolate, has been remoted from a Caucasian affected person with indicators and signs that always precede the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus is a typical type-C RNA tumor virus, buds from the cell membrane, prefers magnesium for reverse transcriptase exercise, and has an inside antigen (p25) much like HTLV p24.
Antibodies from serum of this affected person react with proteins from viruses of the HTLV-I subgroup, however type-specific antisera to HTLV-I don’t precipitate proteins of the brand new isolate. The virus from this affected person has been transmitted into wire blood lymphocytes, and the virus produced by these cells is much like the unique isolate. From these research it’s concluded that this virus in addition to the earlier HTLV isolates belong to a basic household of T-lymphotropic retroviruses which might be horizontally transmitted in people and could also be concerned in a number of pathological syndromes, together with AIDS.
hoxyl
AAVS1 Positive Control EGIP 293T Reporter Cell Line
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:2000, WB:1:500-1:2000, IHC:1:25-1:100
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200
Description: The 293AD Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase adenovirus production, including firmer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293AAV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase AAV production, including firmer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293LTV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase lentiviral production, including fimrer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: The 293RTV Cell Line is derived from the parental 293 cells but selected for attributes that increase retroviral production, including fimrer attachment and larger surface area.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of LY96 from Human, Mouse. This LY96 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit serum by affinity-chromatography using the specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from part region of human LY96 protein
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of LY96 from Human, Mouse. This LY96 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit serum by affinity-chromatography using the specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from part region of human LY96 protein
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of LY96 from Human, Mouse. This LY96 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit serum by affinity-chromatography using the specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from part region of human LY96 protein
Description: This gene encodes a protein which associates with toll-like receptor 4 on the cell surface and confers responsiveness to lipopolysaccyaride (LPS), thus providing a link between the receptor and LPS signaling. Studies of the mouse ortholog suggest that this gene may be involved in endotoxin neutralization. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Description: Description of target: Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cooperates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Enhances TLR4-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B. Cells expressing both LY96 and TLR4, but not TLR4 alone, respond to LPS.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sanadwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 31.25 pg/mL
Description: Description of target: This gene encodes a protein which associates with toll-like receptor 4 on the cell surface and confers responsiveness to lipopolysaccyaride (LPS), thus providing a link between the receptor and LPS signaling. Studies of the mouse ortholog suggest that this gene may be involved in endotoxin neutralization. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.062 ng/mL
Description: Description of target: Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:17803912, PubMed:17569869). Cooperates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:11160242, PubMed:11593030). Enhances TLR4-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:10359581). Cells expressing both LY96 and TLR4, but not TLR4 alone, respond to LPS (PubMed:10359581).5 Publications
<p>Manually curated information for which there is published experimental evidence.</p>
<p><a href="/manual/evidences#ECO:0000269">More…</a></p> Manual assertion based on experiment iniRef.1"MD-2, a molecule that confers lipopolysaccharide responsiveness on Toll-like receptor 4."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Shimazu R., Akashi S., Ogata H., Nagai Y., Fukudome K., Miyake K., Kimoto M._x005F_x005F_x000D_J. Exp. Med. 189:1777-1782(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT GLY-56, FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TLR4, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.Ref.8"MD-2 enables Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-mediated responses to lipopolysaccharide and enhances TLR2-mediated responses to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and their cell wall components."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Dziarski R., Wang Q., Miyake K., Kirschning C.J., Gupta D._x005F_x005F_x000D_J. Immunol. 166:1938-1944(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TLR2 AND TLR4, FUNCTION.Ref.9"Secreted MD-2 is a large polymeric protein that efficiently confers lipopolysaccharide sensitivity to Toll-like receptor 4."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Visintin A., Mazzoni A., Spitzer J.A., Segal D.M._x005F_x005F_x000D_Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:12156-12161(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: DISULFIDE BONDS, GLYCOSYLATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TLR4.Ref.11"Crystal structure of the TLR4-MD-2 complex with bound endotoxin antagonist Eritoran."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Kim H.M., Park B.S., Kim J.-I., Kim S.E., Lee J., Oh S.C., Enkhbayar P., Matsushima N., Lee H., Yoo O.J., Lee J.-O._x005F_x005F_x000D_Cell 130:906-917(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.7 ANGSTROMS) OF 19-158 IN COMPLEX WITH TLR4 AND LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ANALOG, SUBUNIT.Ref.12"Crystal structures of human MD-2 and its complex with antiendotoxic lipid IVa."_x005F_x005F_x000D_Ohto U., Fukase K., Miyake K., Satow Y._x005F_x005F_x000D_Science 316:1632-1634(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 17-160 IN COMPLEX WITH LIPID IV-A, DISULFIDE BONDS, GLYCOSYLATION AT ASN-26 AND ASN-114. ;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.062 ng/mL
Description: Description of target: This gene encodes a protein which associates with toll-like receptor 4 on the cell surface and confers responsiveness to lipopolysaccyaride (LPS), thus providing a link between the receptor and LPS signaling. Studies of the mouse ortholog suggest that this gene may be involved in endotoxin neutralization. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ;Assay info: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: < 0.06 ng/mL
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is HRP conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is FITC conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: A polyclonal antibody against LY96. Recognizes LY96 from Human. This antibody is Biotin conjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-E cells contain gag, pol and env genes, allowing retroviral packaging with a single plasmid transfection.
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-A cells contain gag, pol and env genes, allowing retroviral packaging with a single plasmid transfection.
Description: Conventional cells used for retrovirus packaging, such as those based on NIH3T3 cells, have limited stability and produce relatively low yields of retrovirus, mainly due to the poor expression of retroviral structure proteins (gag, pol and env) in the cells. The Platinum Retroviral Packaging Cell Lines are based on the 293T cell line. They exhibit longer stability and produce higher yields of retroviral structure proteins. Plat-GP cells contain the gag and pol genes required for retroviral packaging; an expression vector is co-transfected with a VSVG envelope vector.
Total Protein - Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Line D3
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Lymphocyte antigen 96 (LY96) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Lymphocyte antigen 96(LY96) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Lymphocyte Antigen 96 (LY96) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species.
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human LY96 (C-term). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: Description of target: Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:22532668). Cooperates with TLR4 in the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and with TLR2 in the response to cell wall components from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Enhances TLR4-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B. Cells expressing both LY96 and TLR4, but not TLR4 alone, respond to LPS (PubMed:10725698).;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sanadwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.039 ng/mL
Wykrywanie i izolacja cząstek retrowirusa typu C ze świeżych i hodowanych limfocytów pacjenta ze skórnym chłoniakiem T-komórkowym.
Retrovirus particles with sort C morphology have been present in two T-cell lymphoblastoid cell traces, HUT 102 and CTCL-3, and in recent peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from a affected person with a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides). The cell traces repeatedly produce these viruses, that are collectively known as HTLV, pressure CR(HTLV(CR)). Initially, the manufacturing of virus from HUT 102 cells required induction with 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, however the cell line turned a constitutive producer of virus at its 56th passage. Cell line CTCL-Three has been a constitutive producer of virus from its second passage in tradition.
Each mature and immature additionalcellular virus particles have been seen in thin-section electron micrographs of fastened, pelleted cellular materials; every so often, typical sort C budding virus particles have been seen. No type of intracellular virus particle has been seen. Mature particles have been 100-110 nm in diameter, consisted of an electron-dense core surrounded by an outer membrane separated by an electron-lucent area, banded at a density of 1.16 g/ml on a steady 25-65% sucrose gradient, and contained 70S RNA and a DNA polymerase exercise typical of viral reverse transcriptase (RT; RNA-dependent DNA nucleotidyltransferase). Beneath sure situations of assay, HTLV(CR) RT confirmed cation desire for Mg(2+) over Mn(2+), distinct from the traits of cellular DNA polymerases purified from human lymphocytes and the RT from most sort C viruses.
Antibodies to cellular DNA polymerase gamma and anti-bodies towards RT purified from a number of animal retroviruses did not detectably work together with HTLV(CR) RT beneath situations that have been constructive for the respective homologous DNA polymerase, demonstrating an absence of shut relationship of HTLV(CR) RT to cellular DNA polymerases gamma or RT of those viruses. Six main proteins, with sizes of roughly 10,000, 13,000, 19,000, 24,000, 42,000, and 52,000 daltons, have been obvious when doubly banded, disrupted HTLV(CR) particles have been chromatographed on a NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel. The variety of these particle-associated proteins is in keeping with the anticipated proteins of a retrovirus, however the sizes of some are distinct from these of most recognized retroviruses of the primate subgroups.
U myszy z niedoborem interleukiny 10 rozwija się przewlekłe zapalenie jelit.
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) impacts the expansion and differentiation of many hemopoietic cells in vitro; particularly, it’s a potent suppressor of macrophage and T cell capabilities. In IL-10-deficient mice, generated by gene concentrating on, lymphocyte growth and antibody responses are regular, however most animals are development retarded and anemic and endure from persistent enterocolitis. Alterations in gut embrace in depth mucosal hyperplasia, inflammatory reactions, and aberrant expression of main histocompatibility complicated class II molecules on epithelia.
In distinction, mutants stored beneath particular pathogen-free situations develop solely an area irritation restricted to the proximal colon. These outcomes point out that the bowel irritation within the mutants originates from uncontrolled immune responses stimulated by enteric antigens and that IL-10 is a necessary immunoregulator within the intestinal tract.
Prosta technika ilościowego określania niskich poziomów uszkodzeń DNA w poszczególnych komórkach.
Human lymphocytes have been both uncovered to X-irradiation (25 to 200 rads) or handled with H2O2 (9.1 to 291 microM) at Four levels C and the extent of DNA migration was measured utilizing a single-cell microgel electrophoresis approach beneath alkaline situations. Each brokers induced a major enhance in DNA migration, starting on the lowest dose evaluated.
Migration patterns have been comparatively homogeneous amongst cells uncovered to X-rays however heterogeneous amongst cells handled with H2O2. An evaluation of restore kinetics following publicity to 200 rads X-rays was performed with lymphocytes obtained from three people. The majority of the DNA restore occurred throughout the first 15 min, whereas all the restore was primarily full by 120 min after publicity. Nevertheless, some cells demonstrated no restore throughout this incubation interval whereas different cells demonstrated DNA migration patterns indicative of extra harm than that induced by the preliminary irradiation with X-rays. This method seems to be delicate and helpful for detecting harm and restore in single cells.
Zaangażowanie immunoinhibitorowego receptora PD-1 przez nowego członka rodziny B7 prowadzi do negatywnej regulacji aktywacji limfocytów.
PD-1 is an immunoinhibitory receptor expressed by activated T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells. Mice poor in PD-1 exhibit a breakdown of peripheral tolerance and exhibit a number of autoimmune options. We report right here that the ligand of PD-1 (PD-L1) is a member of the B7 gene household. Engagement of PD-1 by PD-L1 results in the inhibition of T cell receptor-mediated lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion. As well as, PD-1 signaling can inhibit at the least suboptimal ranges of CD28-mediated costimulation. PD-L1 is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, together with human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with interferon gamma, and activated human and murine dendritic cells.
As well as, PD-L1 is expressed in nonlymphoid tissues comparable to coronary heart and lung. The relative ranges of inhibitory PD-L1 and costimulatory B7-1/B7-2 alerts on antigen-presenting cells might decide the extent of T cell activation and consequently the brink between tolerance and autoimmunity. PD-L1 expression on nonlymphoid tissues and its potential interplay with PD-1 might subsequently decide the extent of immune responses at websites of irritation.
